A Conversation with Adisa Bolanta on Insecurity in Kwara State
Adisa Bolanta, a retired Assistant Inspector General of Police from Kwara State, has served as Commissioner of Police in several states, including Oyo, Sokoto, Kebbi, and Imo. He also commanded the Police Academy in Kano. Known for his expertise in security management and commitment to professional policing, Bolanta discusses the growing insecurity in Kwara State and its underlying causes.
The Escalation of Insecurity
The current situation of insecurity in Kwara State is alarming. How would you describe the scale of this issue?
Insecurity is not unique to Kwara; it’s a national and international challenge. In Nigeria, we often ignore problems until they become critical. Crime spreads like a virus, and if not addressed early, it affects entire communities. For instance, the problem began in Zamfara State but was not properly managed. During my time as Commissioner of Police in Sokoto between 2011 and 2012, the road from Sokoto to the Zamfara border was heavily policed, resulting in few incidents. However, once entering Zamfara, the situation was different. The lack of decisive action by federal and state governments allowed the problem to spread to neighboring states.
Our security system is weak and often influenced by political factors. The police, who are central to internal security, are not adequately equipped. Kwara used to be a peaceful state, but because it borders Niger, Kogi, and Kebbi—states facing their own security challenges—we have become vulnerable. We ignored warning signs, believing nothing was happening here.
Root Causes of Insecurity
What other factors contribute to the current crisis?
Greed among some individuals plays a role. Foreign elements could not have settled here without local support, such as land and accommodation. Activities like sudden wealth, motorcycles, and unusual movements were overlooked. The vigilante system has also been compromised, becoming more about money than protection.
Community cooperation is essential. If a neighbor’s son returns late with stolen goods, reporting it to the police can help prevent further crime. Security agencies need timely information from locals to be effective. Deployment of troops is necessary, but without community support, they may not achieve much.
Military Involvement and Regional Security Networks
There are calls for military formations or barracks in affected areas. What is your view on this?
Internal security is not primarily the military’s responsibility. Over-reliance on the military has turned them into de facto police, which is incorrect. Their role should be temporary, assisting during crises before returning to their barracks. A well-equipped police force and supporting agencies like the Civil Defence are needed. Building barracks without proper logistics and mobility will not solve the issue.
Some suggest adopting regional security networks like Amotekun in the Southwest. Do you support this idea?
I am cautious about arming local or regional security groups. While it may seem like a solution, it can be dangerous in a country like Nigeria, where divisions exist along tribal and ethnic lines. Sudan’s experience with the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) shows the risks. Initially successful in quelling conflicts, the RSF eventually became a rival power, leading to civil war. This highlights the dangers of creating parallel security structures.
External Factors and Border Issues
There are claims that helicopters supply arms to bandits in forests. Is this possible?
No, these are social media rumors. Military aircraft are deployed to destroy bandits, not assist them.
Are external forces involved in the conflict?
Not directly. The main issue is our porous borders. Climate change has worsened conditions in countries like Niger, Chad, Mali, and Burkina Faso, forcing herders south into Nigeria. Some of them are criminals. However, the real issue lies within our communities, where some collaborate with these elements.
Addressing the Forest Hideouts
Some suggest converting forest hideouts into productive use. What do you think?
The government needs to mobilize the local population, as they know the area best. They can provide crucial information to locate bandits. Once identified, security agencies can cordon off the area. Local input is vital even with advanced surveillance systems. In the northeast, the Civilian JTF has proven invaluable by providing timely intelligence.
Government Response and Accountability
The government has been accused of being slow to act. Where did things go wrong?
Blame-shifting is common in Nigeria. Those who claim the government was informed earlier should ask who reported the issue and what actions were taken. The government often acts slowly if it lacks clear facts. When problems become widespread, people blame the government, but prompt reporting is essential for timely intervention.
Everyone must play a role. After the military clears an area, other agencies like the police and vigilantes must remain to maintain security. Cooperation between all parties is key to addressing the ongoing crisis.
