Architecture, Politics, and Public Opinion

The Interplay of Architecture, Politics, and Public Discourse

In the field of linguistics, there is a concept known as ‘Selectional Restriction Rules,’ which refers to the semantic coherence or valid combinations of words and expressions. This idea often captivates us when we encounter anomalies in word clusters, especially in poetry or visual art. In this article, I have chosen the words “architecture,” “politics,” and “polls” as a creative combination, aiming to explore how these seemingly unrelated terms can be connected through a narrative that provides context.

The upcoming election in Nepal serves as a dominant metaphor for the current situation. It has become the central theme influencing various aspects of society. The discussions at the colloquium of architects highlight the complexity of the challenges faced by urban planners and designers. These include adapting to changing landscapes, preserving heritage sites, and addressing the evolving needs of modern cities.

A Colloquium on Architectural Transitions

I was invited to participate in a conference organized by architect Biresh Shah, who has a passion for discussing architecture within the context of the Nepal Mandala. His vision emphasizes the importance of architecture as a fundamental element of civilization. The conference’s theme, “Negotiating transitions in the emerging landscapes,” reflects an action-oriented approach to understanding the changes happening in the built environment.

One of the key challenges is maintaining the balance between development and preservation. The construction patterns in buildings and towns are transforming familiar landscapes, while the need to protect historical structures remains urgent. Swiss architect Carl Pruscha’s work from 1969 highlights the significance of preserving Nepal’s architectural heritage, offering a historical perspective that continues to influence contemporary discussions.

Historical Context and Architectural Narratives

The Rana palaces provide a different lens through which to view the question of transitions and open spaces. These structures were built on pristine ecological sites, reflecting the priorities of their time. The human stories embedded in these Baroque palaces, such as the tale of Chandra Shumsher Rana and his singer Melwa Devi, reveal the emotional depth behind grand architecture.

At the colloquium, experienced architects like Shankar Nath Rimal, who is 91 years old, shared insights with younger professionals. Their discussions covered critical topics related to the negotiation of space and the impact of political movements on architectural sites. The Gen Z uprising in September 2023, which led to the destruction of several architectural landmarks, underscored the vulnerability of cultural heritage in times of unrest.

The Political Landscape and Public Discourse

Currently, politics and elections dominate public discourse in Nepal. While it may seem challenging to connect these themes with architecture, the media is filled with stories about the upcoming polls. A unique form of celebration is taking place, reflecting a blend of hope, uncertainty, and anticipation. The mood in Nepali society resembles the “Second Coming” described by WB Yeats, combining elements of apocalypse, hope, and regeneration.

During the seminar, I presented two books that explored the relationship between architecture and space. One, “Poetics of Newar Space,” and the other, “Talking Spaces,” featured contributions from prominent architects. These works provided valuable insights into the evolving discourse on urban environments.

The Role of Architecture in Politics

It is difficult to expect meaningful discussions on architecture and spatial design within the realm of politics. However, the growing metropolis and the rush for construction reflect the intersection of power, money, and politics. The discourse surrounding the March 5 elections encapsulates these dynamics, blending confidence with skepticism.

Despite this, little attention is given to the role of architecture, landscape, and open spaces in shaping the political narrative. Historically, both architects and rulers have been interested in shaping the built environment. The experiences of architects like Rimal, who worked during different eras, offer valuable perspectives on the relationship between power and architecture.

Future Prospects and Inclusive Discourse

The outcome of the upcoming polls is seen as a potential catalyst for transformation in areas such as physical development, political stability, and sustainability. Stakeholders are showing a sense of urgency, driven by the desire to form new alliances and reorganize existing parties. As this change stems from the youth’s uprising, their spirit should become the defining characteristic of Nepali history in these challenging times.

The inclusion of politicians, parties, and government leaders in architectural and urban planning discussions is essential. Such dialogues can help bridge the gap between policy and practice, ensuring that the voices of all stakeholders are heard.